• 01772 888 778
  • info@xyfil.com
  • Unit 1 & 2, Durton Lane Business Park, Preston, PR3 5LR

Blog

Xyfil Ltd   →  Blog
Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, Manufacturing, Production, Regulations Posted on

The £2.20 Trap: What Volume-Based Duty Does to a Stockpiled Warehouse

With October approaching, plenty of brand owners share the same instinct: build up stock now, before the duty lands. It feels sensible. Get ahead of the deadline, fill the warehouse, and ride out the change. Yet that instinct hides a trap — and the trap has a number on it. That number is £2.20.

Here's the problem in one line. Vaping Products Duty is volume-based, so a stockpiled warehouse turns that small-looking rate into a very large bill you pay long before your stock sells. Let's walk through why.

£2.20 looks small. At volume, it isn't.

From 1 October 2026, VPD adds £2.20 per 10ml to every UK e-liquid. That works out at 22p per millilitre. It applies whether your liquid carries 20mg of nicotine or none at all, because the duty tracks volume, not strength.

On a single bottle, the rate feels minor. Across a production run, though, it stacks up fast. A 2ml pod carries 44p in duty. A 10ml bottle carries £2.20. Multiply either by a warehouse full of stock, and the total climbs into six figures quickly. So the rate isn't really the threat. The volume is.

A full warehouse is a committed duty bill

Now picture the stockpiling plan in practice. You forecast a strong Q4. You produce a big run ahead of October. Then you hold it, finished and ready to ship.

Here's the catch. To keep finished, duty-paid stock sitting ready, you have already paid the duty. Say you build 500,000 2ml pods. At 44p each, that's £220,000 in duty — committed before a single pod reaches a customer. Your cash has left the business. Your stock, meanwhile, has not.

That's the trap. A stockpiled warehouse doesn't just hold product. It holds a tax bill you've already settled, on goods that haven't earned a penny yet.

Volume-based duty punishes the wrong stock

The trap bites hardest on slow movers. Think it through. You pay to store that stock. On top of that, you've fronted the duty on it. So a line that sells slowly costs you twice — once in storage, and once in duty you paid months too early.

Fast-selling lines recover quickly. Slow ones simply sit there, tying up cash you could spend on marketing, new formats, or your next launch. In short, the more you stockpile, the more working capital you freeze.

The duty point is your way out

Now for the good news. VPD doesn't attach to stock the moment it exists. Instead, it attaches at a trigger called the duty point. For most brands, that trigger fires when finished liquid leaves duty suspension for sale in the UK.

That single detail changes everything. If your stock waits in a duty-suspended state, the duty waits with it. You stop paying tax ahead of sales, and the bill starts to track your shipments instead. So the smart move isn't to stockpile duty-paid stock. It's to hold your stock so the duty falls due as you sell.

Two ways to hold stock without the trap

A managed manufacturing partner can hold your stock in a state that defers the duty point. In practice, there are two routes.

Route one: a bonded warehouse

Produce your full run, then hold the finished stock in a bonded warehouse. It sits duty-suspended until it ships. Order 20,000 units, release 10,000 to meet real orders, and duty falls due on those 10,000 — not on the full run. The remaining 10,000 simply wait in bond until you need them.

Better still, any stock you export or destroy under bond never attracts UK duty at all. So you only ever pay duty on what genuinely enters the UK market.

Route two: component form

Sometimes you don't need finished stock yet. In that case, a manufacturer can hold your ingredients — flavour concentrate, base and nicotine — stored separately. Unblended, they aren't vaping liquid, so they carry no duty. They are then blended and package to order, so the duty applies only on the volume you release.

Either way, your duty bill follows your sales rather than your production schedule.

This is timing, not a loophole

Let's be clear on one point, because it really matters. Neither route reduces the duty you owe on stock sold in the UK. If all your held stock eventually ships to UK customers, the total duty ends up exactly the same. You've simply paid it as you sold, not before.

That distinction is what keeps you safe. "Avoiding the duty" isn't a strategy — it's a fast route to a difficult HMRC conversation. Protecting your working capital by lining the duty point up with your sales, on the other hand, is completely legitimate. That's precisely what a bonded warehouse and component-form storage are built to do.

One more compliance detail is worth knowing. Once you package products for retail, HMRC allows just one move in duty suspension. Further movements trigger the duty early, so movement planning matters — another reason to lean on a partner who handles this every day.

Questions to ask before you fill a warehouse

Before you commit to a stockpiling plan, or to any manufacturer, put these questions on the table:

  • If I hold finished stock, is it duty-suspended in an approved bonded warehouse — or am I paying duty up front?
  • Can you hold my stock in component form and blend to order?
  • How do you plan stock movements so I don't trigger the duty early?
  • What batch tracking and audit trails will I get for HMRC?

Clear answers protect your cash. Vague ones leave you carrying the risk.

See your own number before October

Every brand's exposure looks different, because formats, volumes and release schedules all shift the maths. So before you build a single extra pallet, model your position first. Our VPD calculator shows what a stockpiled run would cost you up front — and what changes when the duty tracks your shipments instead.

Model your duty exposure with our VPD calculator →

Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Production Posted on

The 45-Day VPD Bottleneck: How HMRC Approval Works — and Who It Applies To

On 1 October 2026, Vaping Products Duty goes live at 22p per ml - that's £2.20 per 10ml bottle of e-liquid. Alongside it, the Vaping Duty Stamps Scheme changes how vaping products are made, marked, and released. Every business in the supply chain needs to be ready.

But before any of that, one step comes first. To make, import, stamp, or release duty-paid vaping products, you need HMRC approval. And that approval takes time. HMRC warns it can take at least 45 working days, and longer if they need more information.

That waiting period is what the industry now calls the 45-day VPD bottleneck. Here’s how the process works, who it applies to, and why the timing matters so much.

What is the 45-day VPD bottleneck?

It’s simpler than it sounds. Approval isn’t automatic, and it isn’t instant. Applications opened on 1 April 2026, and HMRC processes each one in turn. The checks take at least 45 working days. So businesses that apply late risk missing approval before the duty goes live.

Now do the maths. Count back 45 working days from 1 October, and the practical deadline to apply lands in mid-summer, not September. Miss it, and your application may still sit in the queue on go-live day.

The stakes are high, too. Without approval, you cannot lawfully produce, import, or release duty-paid stock. So this isn’t just paperwork. It’s the gate that decides whether you can trade from October.

What the approval process actually involves

HMRC approval is thorough by design. First, you apply as a single legal entity. That means one business, controlled and managed as a single unit for tax purposes. Then you submit a business plan and a plan of your premises, along with your security arrangements and expected volumes.

In some cases, HMRC also asks for a financial guarantee. This is common for newer businesses, or where there’s a history of tax issues. Each request for more detail adds days, so a tidy, complete application moves faster.

Clearly, this isn’t a form you dash off in September. It’s a process that rewards early, careful preparation.

Who needs approval: manufacturers, importers, and brand owners

Here’s where many businesses get confused. The rules apply differently depending on how you bring your products to market. So let’s break the three main cases down clearly.

If you manufacture your own liquid

If you produce vaping liquid in the UK, the obligation sits squarely with you. You must hold HMRC approval for both VPD and the Vaping Duty Stamps Scheme before 1 October 2026. From that date, producing on unapproved premises becomes an offence, and that includes mixing non-duty-paid liquids. You also calculate and pay the duty, and you attach a duty stamp to every retail pack before release. And if you want to store stock before the duty is paid, that storage site needs approval for duty suspension too.

If you import finished products

If you import finished vaping products, you carry the duty liability. From 1 October 2026, you can’t import an overseas manufacturer’s products without duty stamps attached. The one exception is stock going straight into HMRC-approved duty-suspension premises. Overseas manufacturers must appoint an approved UK representative to order and apply those stamps. In practice, that representative is often the importer. So if you import, you either need approval yourself or a clear, approved route to get stamps on your products first.

If you use a third-party manufacturer

Here’s where many brand owners feel unsure. If you own the brand but outsource production to a UK manufacturer, the production approval usually sits with that manufacturer, not with you. In other words, you rely on your manufacturer’s approval to reach the market compliantly. That makes one question business-critical: is your manufacturer approved, or on track to be? If they’re stuck in the queue, so are you. Your exact obligations still depend on your setup, such as who owns the stock and who releases it. So it’s worth confirming your position with HMRC or an adviser. As a rule, though, the right partner carries the heavy compliance load for you.

The VPD timeline you should know

The rules roll out in clear stages, and each one tightens the window. Here’s what HMRC has confirmed.

  • 1 April 2026 — Approval and registration open. You need approval before you can buy stamps, produce or import duty-paid stock, or file returns.
  • 1 April – 31 August 2026 — Transitional duty stamps carry physical security features only, and approved businesses can buy them.
  • From September 2026 — Duty stamps gain digital features for traceability.
  • 1 October 2026 — VPD applies at £2.20 per 10ml, and retail packs must carry a duty stamp.
  • 1 April 2027 — The sell-through period for older stock ends, so every product outside duty suspension must carry a duty stamp.

Notice the squeeze. Approval opened in April, but it isn’t instant, and the duty bites in October. With a 45-working-day minimum, every week you delay eats into your margin for error.

What VPD means for your costs and margins

The duty itself is simple to state but significant to absorb. From October 2026, every 10ml of e-liquid carries £2.20 in duty, whatever the nicotine strength. So a 100ml shortfill, for example, attracts £22 in duty before you add production, packaging, and margin.

That reshapes your pricing, your cash flow, and your stock planning all at once. Therefore, the businesses that model it early can adjust formats, pack sizes, and price points calmly. By contrast, those that leave it late tend to react under pressure and erode their own margins.

How Xyfil helps you get ready

This is where a prepared partner makes the difference. Xyfil is a UK manufacturer and producer of e-liquids, nicotine salts, CBD, and personal care products, and we’ve supported hundreds of UK brands. Like every UK producer, we’re preparing for VPD and working through the approval process, so we know the requirements inside out.

Our GMP and ISO-certified facilities produce up millions of products every month across ISO 7 clean rooms. That scale lets us absorb demand smaller operators simply cannot. Need bottling for an existing range, or a brand built from scratch? Our white label service moves you from idea to shelf quickly.

Compliance is where many brands stumble, so we made it a strength. Our 6-stage compliance process keeps you aligned with UK, EU, and Middle East requirements, and our team lives and breathes traceability and testing. And we've been here before keeping up with the regulation changes and moving to adapt to ensure our partners don't feel the pinch. So we turn the VPD transition into a managed, predictable plan.

What to do right now

You don’t need to solve everything today. You do, however, need to act on the step with the longest lead time. Here’s a simple order of priority.

  • First, work out which category you fall into. Do you manufacture, import, or outsource? Your obligations flow from that answer.
  • Second, if you make or import yourself, apply for approval as soon as you can, because the 45-working-day clock won’t wait.
  • Third, consider whether you need to carry all of that yourself. If you manufacture in-house or import finished stock, you have another option. You can lighten the load by moving production to a UK contract manufacturer. Hand production to a partner like Xyfil, and the heavy lifting shifts across with it. The premises approval, the duty sums, the stamping, and the record-keeping become your manufacturer’s job, not yours. So a daunting compliance checklist becomes one managed relationship.
  • Fourth, if you outsource, ask your manufacturer a direct question. Are you approved, or on track for approval before October?
  • Fifth, map your products against the stamp timeline so nothing stalls at the final hurdle.

Talk to Xyfil about your VPD readiness

The 45-day bottleneck is coming, but it doesn’t have to catch you out. With the right partner and a clear plan, the VPD transition becomes just another well-run project.

Get in touch with Xyfil to talk through your route to 1 October 2026. The earlier you start, the smoother your transition.

Frequently asked questions

What is the 45-day VPD bottleneck?

It’s HMRC’s approval window. Before you can produce, import, stamp, or release duty-paid vaping products, HMRC must approve you first. That takes at least 45 working days, sometimes longer. Apply too close to 1 October 2026, and your approval may not come through in time.

Who needs HMRC approval?

UK manufacturers, importers, and warehousekeepers all need approval to keep trading under VPD. Overseas manufacturers must appoint an approved UK representative, who is often the importer.

I use a third-party manufacturer, so do I need my own approval?

Usually, the production approval and duty stamping sit with your manufacturer. So a pure brand owner often doesn’t need their own producer approval. It does depend on your arrangement, such as who owns and releases the stock, so confirm your position with HMRC or an adviser.

When does Vaping Products Duty start?

VPD applies from 1 October 2026 at £2.20 per 10ml of e-liquid, nicotine or not. Approval opened on 1 April 2026, and every product outside duty suspension must carry a duty stamp by 1 April 2027.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Production, Regulations Posted on

Is Your Manufacturer Holding Your Brand Back? 5 Signs to Check Before the VPD Deadline

The clock matters more than usual this year. On 1 October 2026, Vaping Products Duty (VPD) lands at £2.20 per 10ml. It applies to every millilitre of liquid, whatever the strength. So zero-nicotine shortfills and 20mg nic salts now carry identical duty.

That single change reshapes production planning. Worse, it exposes a question many brand owners have avoided: is your current manufacturer actually built to grow with you?

In this article, we walk through five signs that your manufacturer may be holding you back. We also explain why the VPD deadline turns a "someday" problem into a "this quarter" one.

First, the deadline you can't ignore

HMRC opened duty approvals on 1 April 2026. Crucially, the checks take at least 45 working days. Retail packs then need a physical duty stamp from 1 October, with full enforcement from April 2027.

Read that timeline again. A manufacturer that starts late cannot simply catch up. As a result, your route to market now depends on the right partner. They are already approved, already stamp-ready, and already planning fill sizes around the new duty.

So the real question is simple. Does your manufacturer move first, or do they wait for you to chase?

Sign 1: You've outgrown them

You launched with small batches. Now you need real volume, and the answers get vaguer. Lead times stretch. "Maybe next quarter" creeps into every call.

A growth partner thinks differently. They flex from a 10ml sample run to millions of finished units without drama. In short, your ceiling should never be their ceiling.

Sign 2: Compliance is a grey area, not a guarantee

Ask where your liquid is made. You should get a straight answer in one sentence. Think UK production, ISO 7 clean room standards, a genuine GMP process, and full testing.

When that answer wanders, your brand inherits the risk. Recalls, seizures, and duty-stamp errors all land on your label, not theirs. With VPD approaching, that exposure only grows.

Sign 3: You're always the one chasing

You email once. Then you email again. Eventually, someone replies.

Sound familiar? Poor communication feels minor until a launch slips. Then it costs you shelf space, cash flow, and confidence. A strong partner updates you before you have to ask.

Sign 4: They can't move with the market

The market keeps shifting. The disposable ban rewrote product formats. VPD is now pushing fill sizes toward smaller bottles and pods. Meanwhile, nicotine pouches keep growing fast.

Your manufacturer should help you ride these shifts, not anchor you to last year's range. If a new format feels impossible, that hesitation is a warning sign in itself.

Sign 5: Every new idea becomes a problem

A new flavour. A faster turnaround. A fresh format for a retailer pitch.

Ideas like these should excite your manufacturer. Too often, though, they trigger excuses instead. The right team treats your next idea as the work, not an inconvenience.

What a real growth partner looks like

At Xyfil, we built our operation around one belief: when our customers grow, we grow with them. So we make and test everything here in Preston, under UK standards, with capacity that scales as you do.

We have helped hundreds of UK brands move from first batch to full scale. Some arrived with a single recipe. Others arrived mid-crisis, days from a stockout. In both cases, the fix started with the same thing — a manufacturer that moves first.

Right now, "moving first" means VPD readiness. So ask any potential partner three direct questions. Are you HMRC-approved? Are you ready for duty stamps on 1 October? Have you adjusted fill sizes for the new duty?

If the answers come back confident, you have a partner. If they stall, you have your sign.

The clock is the point

Most manufacturing problems can wait. This one cannot. The 45-day approval window and the October stamp deadline turn delay into lost sales.

So treat these five signs as a checklist, not a think-piece. Score your current manufacturer honestly. If two or more land, start a conversation now while the timeline still favours you.

We are happy to be that conversation. Book a free consultation, and we will tell you plainly whether Xyfil is the right fit. No pressure, no jargon — just a clear answer before the deadline decides for you. Get in touch today.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, E-Liquid, Regulations, White Label Posted on

The End of the 100ml Shortfill? How the Tax Hike is Shaping Preferences

The UK vape industry is facing its most significant evolutionary hurdle since the original Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) was implemented a decade ago.

For years, the 100ml shortfill bottle reigned supreme. It was the undisputed champion of value, offering sub-ohm vapers a cost-effective way to buy their favourite e-liquids in bulk. But the landscape has fundamentally shifted. Following the introduction of the Tobacco and Vapes Act and the impending implementation of the flat-rate Vaping Products Duty, the economics of the shortfill have been completely upended.

With a steep volumetric levy on the horizon, the question on every brand owner's lips is no longer just how to grow, but a much more urgent one: Is this the end of the 100ml shortfill?

The Shocking Math: Breaking Down the £26.40 Tax Penalty

To understand why bottle size preferences are reshaping overnight, we have to look directly at the mechanics of the new UK vape tax.

Unlike traditional tobacco duties that scale based on nicotine content, the new Vaping Products Duty is strictly volumetric. This means the tax is calculated per millilitre of liquid, regardless of whether it contains 20mg of nicotine or none at all. The flat-rate levy is set at £2.20 per 10ml. When you factor in the standard 20% UK VAT, that brings the real-world tax impact to £2.64 per 10ml.

Let’s look at how this impacts the retail shelf:

Bottle FormatPre-Tax Retail Price (Avg)2026 Duty Impact (+ VAT)New Projected Retail Price
10ml Nic Salt£3.99+ £2.64£6.63
50ml Shortfill (+1 Shot)£10.00+ £15.84£25.84
100ml Shortfill (+2 Shots)£15.00+ £26.40£41.40

The math is brutal. A 100ml shortfill combined with its mandatory two nicotine booster shots (totalling 120ml of liquid) will instantly incur a £26.40 tax penalty. A product that consumers used to pick up as a budget-friendly £15 option will suddenly cost upwards of £41.

For the average consumer, this price hike is unsustainable. For vape brands, continuing to rely heavily on high-volume bottles is an immediate threat to survival.

The Consumer Migration: The Shift to Low-Volume, High-Intensity Formats

Faced with these soaring costs, vapers are already changing their habits. The high-wattage, cloud-chasing setups that burn through 15ml to 20ml of e-liquid a day are rapidly becoming luxury hobbies.

Instead, the market is seeing a massive migration toward low-powered Mouth-to-Lung (MTL) pod systems paired with highly concentrated 10ml Nicotine Salts or "Bar Salts." Because these liquids offer a punchier flavour profile and faster nicotine delivery, users consume significantly fewer milliliters per day.

By switching from a 100ml shortfill to a 10ml bar salt, the consumer slashes their daily tax exposure. Consequently, the commercial volume in the UK vape market is shifting definitively toward the 10ml bottle. If your brand portfolio is still anchored in large-format shortfills, you are facing a shrinking market share.

Re-Engineering Your Brand for the 10ml Market

Pivoting your entire product line from 100ml shortfills to 10ml compliant bottles isn't as simple as just buying smaller plastic packaging. It requires a complete overhaul of your manufacturing, logistics, and chemical formulations.

This is where a tier-one manufacturing partner becomes your greatest asset. At Xyfil, we have spent over a decade helping global brands successfully navigate regulatory shifts. Here is how we help you seamlessly transition your product range to capture the modern 10ml consumer:

1. High-Speed 10ml Bottling & Volumetric Precision

Shifting your output from large bottles to small ones means you need to produce significantly more units to move the same volume of liquid. Filling 10,000 shortfills is completely different from filling, capping, and labelling 100,000 individual 10ml bottles.

From our state-of-the-art facility in Preston, Xyfil operates advanced, automated bottling lines optimized for high-volume output. Because the new tax is volumetric, our machinery is calibrated for microscopic accuracy. Overfilling a bottle by even a fraction of a millilitre means you are leaking tax margins; Xyfil protects your bottom line with absolute precision.

2. Seamless Integration of the HMRC Duty Stamp

Under the new regulations, every single e-liquid bottle destined for the UK market must feature a high-security, tamper-evident Vaping Duty Stamp. Applying these stamps manually or via secondary processing creates a massive logistics bottleneck.

Xyfil has stayed ahead of the curve by ensuring full compliance without delaying your time-to-market.

3. Protecting Your Working Capital via Excise Warehousing

One of the hidden dangers of the new tax regime is the cash-flow crunch. Paying a £22 tax upfront on thousands of large-format bottles before they ever leave your warehouse can quickly drain your working capital.

Xyfil provides a vital financial shield. We can mix, fill, and hold your 10ml lines in component form, only applying the duty stamps and triggering the tax liability at the exact moment the stock is ordered and ready to ship to retail. This allows you to scale up production to meet peak demand without locking your capital away in pre-paid taxes.

4. Re-Formulating Flavours for Pod Systems

Shortfills are traditionally mixed at a high-VG ratio (70/30) to create thick vapor clouds. However, 10ml nic salts require a balanced 50/50 PG/VG ratio to perform perfectly in modern pod devices.

You cannot simply pour your old shortfill recipes into smaller bottles; the flavour profile will taste muted and unbalanced. Xyfil’s award-winning in-house R&D laboratory specializes in flavour adaptation. We can take your best-selling shortfill flavour profiles and chemically re-engineer them into ultra-potent, highly satisfying 10ml salts that replicate the exact sensory experience your loyal customers expect.

The Verdict: Adapt and Thrive with Xyfil

The 100ml shortfill may not disappear entirely, but its days as a dominant force in the UK market are officially over. The future of profitable volume belongs to compliant, precisely filled, and masterfully formulated 10ml ranges.

In a highly regulated, high-tax market, amateur manufacturing is an extreme financial risk. You need a partner who understands the nuances of HMRC compliance just as deeply as the mechanics of an automated bottling line.

Let Xyfil handle the complexities of the 2026 transition so you can focus on what you do best: growing your brand.

Don't let the shortfill tax hike stall your business. Contact the contract manufacturing experts at Xyfil today to discuss transitioning your product range into high-demand, duty-ready 10ml formats.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Regulations Posted on

The 2026 UK Nicotine Pouch Outlook: Regulation, Taxation, and Trends

As we move through 2026, the UK nicotine landscape has reached a definitive turning point. For years, the nicotine pouch category was referred to as a high-potential segment operating in the shadow of more established tobacco and vaping regulations.

That era of ambiguity has officially ended. With the full implementation of the Tobacco and Vapes Act 2026, the market has transitioned from an emerging trend into a mature, compliance-driven industry.

At Xyfil, we’ve been at the forefront of this transition. As a leading UK-based contract manufacturer, we’ve watched the shift from niche product to mainstream staple first-hand. Below, we break down the key trends and regulatory shifts defining the UK sector in 2026, and what they mean for your brand.

The Post-Loophole Era: Regulation is the New Standard

The most significant shift in 2026 is the legal formalisation of nicotine pouches within the UK’s regulatory framework. Previously, pouches occupied a "grey area" because they did not contain tobacco. The Tobacco and Vapes Act has closed this gap for good.

  • Age Verification: Mandatory 18+ enforcement is now a baseline requirement, with strict penalties for non-compliance.
  • Marketing Restrictions: We are seeing a tightening of advertising rules that mirror TPD restrictions. High-visibility sponsorships are being phased out in favour of compliant, adult-focused digital marketing.
  • The 20mg Ceiling: The industry is consolidating around a 20mg nicotine cap per pouch.

The Xyfil Edge: Our ISO-accredited testing and precision manufacturing ensure that every batch meets these new legal thresholds, protecting your brand from the risks of "over-strength" seizures or recalls.

The "Vape Duty" Ripple Effect

One of the biggest drivers of pouch growth this year hasn't come from within the category itself, but from the vaping sector. On 1st April 2026, the new UK Vaping Products Duty officially begun for newly manufactured products, with enforcement on its way from October.

With a flat tax of £2.20 per 10ml of e-liquid, the consumer cost of vaping has risen sharply. Nicotine pouches, which remain exempt from this specific excise duty (subject only to standard VAT), have become the most economically viable choice for adult nicotine users.

For brand owners, this represents a massive pivot point. Diversifying your portfolio into oral nicotine is no longer optional—it is essential for retaining price-sensitive customers who are looking for high-quality, lower-cost alternatives to vaping.

The "Stealth" Surge: Why Pouches are Winning the UK Market

While the regulatory shift is the headline of 2026, the real story is the sheer velocity of consumer adoption. Nicotine pouches have moved from a niche import to a £200 million+ annual category in the UK, with volume sales in convenience stores growing by nearly 80% year-on-year.

But what is driving this "pouch fever" across Britain? It boils down to three key factors:

1. The 'Anywhere' Solution

As vaping restrictions tighten in public spaces, from office hubs and commuter trains to long-haul flights, pouches have become the convenient, safe to use anywhere nicotine product on the market. In 2026, we’ve seen a massive uptake among the under-40 professional demographic. For these users, the appeal is the 'invisible hit'—the ability to maintain nicotine consistency without the social friction of stepping out for a smoke or a vape.

2. The Gen Z Shift: Discretion Over Clouds

Recent data from The Lancet Public Health highlights a dramatic demographic shift. Usage among 16-to-24-year-olds has jumped to 4% in 2026, driven overwhelmingly by young men, with roughly 7.5% of men in this age bracket now identifying as regular pouch users. Unlike the "cloud-chasing" culture of early vaping, this generation prioritises discretion, minimalism, and products that fit seamlessly into a busy, digital-first lifestyle.

3. A Primary Tool for "The Big Quit"

Interestingly, pouches are no longer just a "sidekick" to vaping. The proportion of UK smokers using pouches as their primary tool in a quit attempt has nearly tripled, reaching 6.5% of all quit attempts this year. This places pouches ahead of traditional prescription Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs).

Xyfil Insight: With over 500,000 regular users now active in Great Britain, the "Swedish Experience" is now being mirrored in the UK. For brands, this isn't just a trend; it’s the growing baseline for the UK’s smoke-free future.

From "Candy" to "Sophisticated": 2026 Flavour Trends

As the UK government keeps a close eye on flavours that may appeal to youth, the market has matured toward more sophisticated, adult-oriented palettes.

  • Functional Mints: While mint still accounts for roughly 70% of UK sales, the trend has moved toward botanical blends—think Eucalyptus, Menthol, and Peppermint with a focus on "clean" mouthfeel.
  • The "Sweet and Heat" Trend: One of the standout success stories of 2026 is the sensory experience of "heat." Flavours like Chili-Mango or Ginger-Lemon provide the throat hit that former smokers often miss.
  • Beverage Profiles: We are seeing increased demand for "Cocktail" and "Coffee" inspired profiles that align with the lifestyle of the professional pouch user.

Why "Made in Britain" Matters More Than Ever

In 2026, HMRC and Border Force have significantly ramped up enforcement against unauthorised, high-strength imports. This has made the "Made in Britain" stamp a mark of supply chain security.

By manufacturing locally with Xyfil, brands eliminate the risks associated with international shipping delays and customs seizures. Our UK-based facility operates under strict GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) standards, offering a level of traceability that imported products simply cannot match. In a regulated market, your supply chain is your greatest competitive advantage.

The Professional Pouch User: A Demographic Shift

The stigma of oral nicotine has largely vanished in the UK. In 2026, the primary growth demographic has shifted toward young professionals (aged 25–40).

The appeal is simple: discretion. Whether in an office, on a train, or in a social setting where vaping is restricted, the Slim pouch format allows for invisible use. This demographic also values sustainability, leading to a push for recyclable cans and carbon-neutral manufacturing processes, both of which are core pillars of the Xyfil production philosophy.

Partner with Xyfil for the Future of Nicotine

The UK pouch market is no longer just about growth; it’s about compliance, quality, and consumer trust. Whether you are looking to launch a new white-label range or need expert R&D to refine a bespoke formulation for the 2026 landscape, Xyfil is your partner in innovation.

Contact Xyfil today to discuss your 2026 manufacturing requirements.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, E-Liquid, Regulations Posted on

The 2026 UK Vape Duty Roadmap: What Brand Owners Need to Know Now

The UK vaping industry is currently navigating its most significant regulatory shift since the implementation of TPD in 2016. With the introduction of the Vaping Products Duty (VPD) and the Vaping Duty Stamps (VDS) Scheme, the landscape for brand owners is changing fundamentally.

As of April 2026, the window for registration is officially open. This isn't just a tax update; it is a complete overhaul of manufacturing, logistics, and retail compliance. At Xyfil, we’ve been tracking these developments since the 2024 Autumn Budget to ensure our partners aren't just compliant but ahead of the curve.

Here is everything you need to know to protect your brand before the October deadline.

1. The Numbers: Understanding the Flat-Rate Levy

The most critical change is the shift to a flat-rate tax based purely on volume. From October 1, 2026, a duty of £2.20 per 10ml will be applied to all vaping liquids.

Crucially, this applies regardless of nicotine strength. Whether you are selling 20mg nic salts or 0mg shortfills, the tax remains the same. This creates a disproportionate impact on larger formats:

  • 10ml Bottles: +£2.20 duty (plus VAT).
  • 100ml Shortfills: +£22.00 duty (plus VAT).

For brand owners, this necessitates an immediate review of your product portfolio. High-volume, low-cost formats that once dominated the market will see their retail prices double or even triple, potentially shifting consumer demand toward more efficient, lower-volume systems.

2. The Timeline: Why "Later" is Too Late

We are currently in the most vital phase of the transition. HMRC has been clear: registrations for the VPD and VDS Scheme opened on April 1, 2026. * The 45-Day Rule: HMRC warns that approval can take at least 45 working days. If you haven't applied for approval as a manufacturer, importer, or warehouse keeper yet, your ability to trade legally on October 1st is already at risk.

  • August 31, 2026: This is the final date to purchase "transitional" duty stamps. These allow for earlier production but carry strict rules on when they can be released to the market.
  • October 1, 2026: The "Go-Live" date. Every product manufactured or imported for the UK market from this day forward must carry a duty stamp and have the duty paid upon release from suspension.

3. The Vaping Duty Stamp: More Than Just a Sticker

The new Vaping Duty Stamps are high-security labels provided by HMRC’s appointed supplier (Cartor Security Printers). They are designed to be "tamper-evident," meaning they must be affixed to individual retail packaging—such as the outer box or the bottle itself—in a way that ensures the stamp is destroyed when the product is opened.

For brand owners, this introduces new physical requirements:

  • Packaging Redesign: You may need to adjust your box artwork to ensure there is a clear, flat space for the stamp that doesn't obscure mandatory health warnings or tactile markers.
  • Digital Traceability: The stamps include digital features for authentication. Your manufacturing partner must have the systems in place to record and report the data associated with these stamps to HMRC.

4. Navigating the Grace Period (Oct 2026 – March 2027)

There is a common misconception that brands have until 2027 to get ready. This is only partially true.

The six-month grace period (October 1, 2026, to March 31, 2027) is designed for retailers to sell through old, unstamped stock that was already in the supply chain before the October deadline.

Important: As a brand owner or manufacturer, you cannot produce "new" unstamped stock after October 1st and claim it is part of the grace period. From April 1, 2027, it will become a criminal offence to sell any unstamped e-liquid in the UK, regardless of when it was made.

5. Managing the Cash Flow Crunch

The VPD is an excise duty, meaning it is typically payable the moment the product leaves an approved "duty-suspended" warehouse. This represents a massive upfront cost for brands. Instead of paying for just the liquid and packaging, you are now essentially "pre-paying" £2.20 per 10ml to the government before the product even hits a shop shelf.

Effective stock management and choosing a manufacturing partner with robust excise warehouse capabilities are no longer optional—they are survival requirements.

How Xyfil is Ready to Lead Your Brand

Transitioning to this new regime doesn't have to be a headache. As a leading UK contract manufacturer, Xyfil has already integrated the new HMRC requirements into our core operations.

  • HMRC Approved Facilities: Our manufacturing and warehousing sites are fully prepared for the VPD and VDS Scheme registration. We handle the heavy lifting of compliance so you can focus on brand growth.
  • Precision Application: We have upgraded our production lines to accommodate the high-speed application of Vaping Duty Stamps, ensuring your products remain compliant without sacrificing lead times.
  • Strategic SKU Rationalisation: Our team is working with brands right now to analyse their product mix. We can help you reformulate or repackage your range to mitigate the tax impact and maintain your price positioning in a post-duty market.
  • Overseas Representation: If you are an international brand looking to maintain your UK presence, Xyfil can act as your technical and manufacturing partner to navigate the complexities of UK-specific labelling and tax laws.

The October deadline is approaching fast. Don't let your brand get caught behind the curve. Contact Xyfil today to discuss your transition plan and ensure your products are ready for the new era of UK vaping.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Production Posted on

Your Guide to Contract Manufacturing for Nicotine Pouches in the UK

The nicotine landscape is shifting. As more consumers move away from traditional tobacco and even vaping, the "smokeless" revolution is firmly taking hold. At the heart of this movement are nicotine pouches—discreet, tobacco-free, and rapidly becoming the go-to alternative across the UK and Europe.

For brands, this represents a massive opportunity. But here’s the reality: the journey from a brilliant brand concept to a pouch that sits on a retail shelf is paved with regulatory hurdles, manufacturing complexities, and high consumer expectations.

If you’re looking to launch or scale, your choice of a contract manufacturer isn’t just a line item on a budget—it is the foundation of your brand’s survival. Here is what you need to look for in a partner and why Xyfil is uniquely positioned to lead the way.

What Should a Brand Look for in a Nicotine Pouch Manufacturer?

In an industry that is increasingly under the microscope of regulators like the MHRA, "good enough" manufacturing no longer cuts it. To build a brand that lasts, you need to prioritise four key pillars:

1. Compliance and "Duty Ready" Expertise

The UK regulatory environment is evolving. Between TPD/TRPR requirements and the upcoming 2026 Nicotine Duty, you need a partner who doesn't just react to changes but anticipates them. Brands are looking towards diversifying their ranges and we are here to help.

  • The Xyfil Edge: We manage the "regulatory headache" for you. From CLP labeling and Safety Data Sheets (SDS) to full TPD notifications, we ensure your product is legal before it ever leaves our facility.

2. Pharmaceutical-Grade Quality Standards

Consistency is the hallmark of a premium pouch. Consumers expect the same nicotine hit and flavour profile in every single can. This requires high-level blending technology (like V-blenders) to ensure nicotine is distributed evenly, preventing "hot spots" that can ruin the user experience.

  • The Xyfil Edge: We operate out of a state-of-the-art 40,000 sq. ft. facility featuring ISO 7 Cleanrooms. We apply the same rigorous standards to pouches as we do to pharmaceutical-grade e-liquids.

3. Bespoke R&D and Flavour Artistry

The market is already crowded with "standard" mint and citrus flavours. To stand out, you need a unique "hit" and a signature taste. This requires a deep understanding of pH levels, which control how nicotine is absorbed, and flavour chemistry.

  • The Xyfil Edge: Our in-house team of chemists and mixologists doesn’t do "off-the-shelf." We work with you to craft bespoke formulations that reflect your brand’s identity, ensuring your pouches offer the perfect balance of flavour and satisfaction.

4. Domestic Reliability and Speed to Market

In the post-Brexit world, importing from overseas often means dealing with shipping delays, customs volatility, and high carbon footprints. A domestic UK partner allows for "Just-In-Time" inventory, keeping your cash flow healthy and your shelves stocked.

  • The Xyfil Edge: By manufacturing right here in the UK, we eliminate import tariffs and significantly reduce "vape miles," making your supply chain more sustainable and responsive.

The Xyfil Process: From Concept to Shelf

We don’t just manufacture; we partner. Our end-to-end solution is designed to take the weight off your shoulders so you can focus on marketing and growth.

  1. Discovery & Strategy: We start by defining your target audience. Are you aiming for a high-strength "kick" or a mellow, all-day pouch?
  2. Formulation & Sampling: Our lab creates samples using pharmaceutical-grade nicotine salts, refining the moisture levels and pouch soft-feel until they are perfect.
  3. Compliance & Testing: While we manufacture, our compliance team handles the paperwork, ensuring you are fully notified and ready for the UK and European markets.
  4. High-Speed Production: Our automated lines are built for scale, ensuring that whether you’re a boutique startup or a global leader, your lead times remain short and your quality stays high.

Why Partner with Xyfil?

With experience helping over 360 global brands launch and scale, Xyfil isn't just a manufacturer—we are an industry benchmark. Our advanced ERP systems provide 100% traceability for every batch of raw material, providing the transparency required for HMRC compliance and consumer trust.

The nicotine pouch market is growing, but it is also tightening. Don't leave your brand's future to chance with an overseas supplier who doesn't understand the nuances of the UK market.

Ready to lead the smokeless revolution? Let’s build something together. Contact Xyfil today to discuss your white-label or contract manufacturing needs and take the first step toward a market-leading product.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Regulations Posted on

Navigating the Key Regulations for Vape Manufacturing in the UK

The UK vaping industry is currently navigating its most significant regulatory shift since the introduction of the Tobacco and Related Products Regulations (TRPR) in 2016. With the government’s "Smoke-Free Generation" ambitions and the looming 2026 Vaping Products Duty, the landscape for brands is becoming increasingly complex. 

For brand owners, success is no longer just about flavour profiles; it is about choosing an e-liquid manufacturing partner that understands the fine print of the law as well as the chemistry of the product. 

Understanding the UK Regulatory Framework: TRPR & TPD 

To operate in the UK, every e-liquid must adhere to the Tobacco and Related Products Regulations (TRPR). These rules are designed to ensure consumer safety and product consistency. Key requirements include: 

  • Capacity Limits: E-liquids containing nicotine are restricted to a maximum bottle size of 10ml. 
  • Nicotine Strength: A hard cap of 20mg/ml is enforced across all retail products. 
  • MHRA Notification: Before a product can be sold, it must undergo a rigorous 6-month notification period via the MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) portal, including full ingredient disclosure and emissions testing. 

Maintaining compliance is a logistical hurdle. This is where professional e-liquid manufacturing services become essential, providing the laboratory data and regulatory filings required to keep a brand legal and on the shelves. 

The 2026 Vaping Products Duty: A Major Market Shift 

Perhaps the most significant update for the industry is the introduction of the Vaping Products Duty (VPD), set to take effect on 1 October 2026. 

What You Need to Know: 

  • The Flat Rate: A duty of £2.20 per 10ml will be applied to all vaping liquids, including nicotine-free shortfills and concentrates. 
  • Key Deadlines: Registration for the scheme opens on 1 April 2026. By 1 April 2027, all unstamped stock must be cleared from UK retail shelves. 

This tax shift means that manufacturing efficiency is no longer a luxury—it’s a survival mechanism. Brands must minimize waste and optimize production costs to offset the price increase for the end consumer. 

How Xyfil Excels in E-Liquid Manufacturing 

At Xyfil, we don’t just mix liquids; we engineer compliant, market-ready solutions. Our UK-based facility is designed to meet the highest global standards, ensuring your brand is protected against regulatory scrutiny and tax audits. 

ISO 7 Cleanrooms & GMP Standards 

Quality starts in the environment. Xyfil operates high-spec ISO 7 cleanrooms, ensuring that every bottle is produced in a pharmaceutical-grade setting. Our dedication to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), going the extra mile to achieve GMP certification, means that batch consistency is guaranteed, protecting your brand's reputation from the risks of contamination or "off-spec" nicotine levels. 

Precision Filling and High-Volume Output 

With the new 2026 duty being calculated per 10ml, precision is paramount. Our automated production lines are capable of producing 2.5 million bottles per month with microscopic accuracy. This precision prevents "overfilling" waste, which can lead to unnecessary tax liabilities for large-scale brands. 

Full Batch Traceability 

Under the upcoming HMRC regulations, traceability is king. Xyfil utilizes an advanced ERP system that tracks every raw material—from the VG/PG source to the specific nicotine batch—throughout the entire production lifecycle. If an audit occurs, we provide the digital paper trail necessary to prove compliance instantly. 

Future-Proofing Your Brand with Xyfil 

The transition to the 2026 Vape Duty will be a "make or break" moment for many UK brands. Xyfil provides the strategic partnership needed to navigate this change seamlessly: 

  1. Compliance Management: Our in-house team handles TPD/TRPR submissions and label reviews, ensuring your packaging meets the new Vaping Duty Stamp requirements. 
  1. Scalable Solutions: Whether you are a boutique brand or a multinational, our white label and toll manufacturing services offer the flexibility to scale production up or down based on market demand. 
  1. HMRC Readiness: We are already preparing our systems for the April 2026 registration window, ensuring our partners are first in line for the new duty stamps. 

Take the Next Step 

The UK vape market is evolving, and the window to prepare for the 2026 Duty is closing. Don't leave your brand's compliance to chance

Author Hannah Rubery Categories E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Production, Regulations, White Label Posted on

Finding Reputable UK Vape Manufacturers – What to Look Out For

In the rapidly evolving landscape of 2026, the UK vape and wellness industry is undergoing its most significant shift in a decade. With the introduction of the Vaping Products Duty and mandatory HMRC Duty Stamps, the gap between "standard" and "reputable" manufacturers has become a canyon.

If you are looking to launch or scale an e-liquid, nicotine pouch, or CBD brand, your choice of manufacturing partner is no longer just about the "juice"—it’s about the security of your entire supply chain.

Where to Find Reputable UK Manufacturers

Finding a partner used to involve a simple Google search or a visit to a trade show. In 2026, finding a reputable manufacturer requires a deep dive into their regulatory readiness. Reputable manufacturers aren't just in industrial parks; they are at the forefront of HMRC and MHRA policy.

What to Look Out For: The "Big Three" Compliance Pillars

Whether you are manufacturing e-liquids, oral nicotine, or CBD, your partner must demonstrate excellence in these three areas:

1. The HMRC "Duty Ready" Status (Essential for 2026)

As of October 1st, 2026, all vaping products must carry a Vaping Duty Stamp.

  • Registration: Did your manufacturer register during the April 2026 window?
  • Duty Suspense: Can they manufacture and store products in "duty suspense" to help you manage cash flow, or will you be hit with the £2.20 per 10ml tax immediately upon production?
  • Security: Reputable manufacturers must have HMRC-approved premises with rigorous access control and digital traceability.

2. Cleanroom Standards & Analytical Testing

"Pharmaceutical grade" shouldn't be a buzzword; it should be a certification.

  • ISO 7 Cleanrooms: This is the industry standard for preventing cross-contamination.
  • In-House HPLC Testing: A reputable lab doesn't just trust their supplier; they test every batch of nicotine, CBD, and flavourings in-house to ensure the mg/ml on the bottle matches the liquid inside.

3. Sector-Specific Expertise

  • E-Liquids: Look for automated, high-speed bottling lines. Manual filling is a red flag for inconsistency.
  • Nicotine Pouches: This requires specialized "V-blender" tech to ensure nicotine is distributed evenly. In 2026, look for manufacturers ahead of the Tobacco and Vapes Bill regarding flavour descriptors.
  • CBD: Ensure they are aligned with the FSA Novel Foods public list and can provide a "Molecular Equivalence Certificate" for isolates.

Why Xyfil is the UK’s Leading Manufacturing Partner

At Xyfil, we don't just react to the market; we anticipate it. With over 10 years of experience and more than 360 global brands launched, we have built the most robust manufacturing ecosystem in the UK.

1. The Financial Buffer for Your Brand

The new 2026 Vaping Products Duty creates a "working capital crisis" for many brands. Xyfil’s "As-Needed Manufacturing" model allows you to hold stock in component form (un-taxed) and only move to finished, duty-paid goods as you need them. This protects your cash flow from being tied up in HMRC tax stamps sitting on a shelf.

2. End-to-End Compliance Leadership

We take the "regulatory headache" away. Our in-house compliance team handles:

  • MHRA / TPD Notifications: Full submission management.
  • HMRC Duty Stamp Integration: We’ve already integrated VDS (Vaping Duty Stamp) protocols into our labelling lines.
  • Global CLP Compliance: Ensuring your brand can jump from the UK to international markets without friction.

3. Award-Winning R&D and Flavour Artistry

Compliance is the foundation, but flavour is the soul. Our world-class flavourists create bespoke profiles using European Pharmaceutical-grade ingredients. Whether you want a signature "iced" fruit or a complex nicotine pouch blend, we deliver excellence that wins awards.

The Verdict: Don't Risk a "Compliance Blackout"

The 2026 transition period is unforgiving. Choosing a manufacturer that isn't ready for the new Duty Stamp regime could result in seized stock, fines, and the total shutdown of your brand.

Xyfil is more than a manufacturer; we are your strategic partner in a regulated world.

Ready to Future-Proof Your Brand?

The October 2026 deadline is closer than it looks, and the structural changes required for compliant packaging and formulations take time.

Contact Xyfil Today to book a duty-readiness consultation and tour our ISO-accredited UK facilities. Let’s build your brand’s future together.

Author Hannah Rubery Categories Compliance, E-Liquid, Manufacturing, Regulations Posted on

Why the End of the China Tax Rebate is the Best Reason to Buy British

The global vaping industry is currently facing a "perfect storm" of legislative and fiscal changes. While much of the headlines have focused on the UK’s own upcoming Vaping Products Duty in October 2026, a massive shift is happening right now in the world’s manufacturing hub that will arguably have a more immediate impact on your bottom line.

On April 1st, 2026, China will officially cancel its long-standing 13% VAT export rebate for e-cigarettes (HS Code 2404120000). For over a decade, this rebate acted as a hidden subsidy, allowing Chinese factories to undercut global competition.

With this "safety net" removed, the era of ultra-cheap imports is coming to a grinding halt. Here’s why this matters for your brand and why moving your manufacturing to the UK—and specifically to Xyfil—is the smartest move you can make this year.

The Death of the "China Discount"

For years, the 13% rebate allowed Chinese manufacturers to keep their export prices artificially low. Since China's Ministry of Finance announced the cancellation, the math for UK brands has changed overnight.

  • Immediate Cost Increases: Most Chinese factories operate on margins much thinner than 13%. They simply cannot absorb this tax hike.
  • The Trickle-Down Effect: A 10–15% increase at the factory level translates to much higher shelf prices once shipping, duty, and retail margins are added.
  • Supply Chain Volatility: We expect a massive "front-loading" of orders in Q1 2026 as brands try to beat the April deadline, likely leading to shipping delays and stockouts.

Why "Made in Britain" is the Stable Choice

While imported brands are navigating international tax drama, British-made e-liquids offer a "safe haven" of stability. By manufacturing locally with a partner like Xyfil, you bypass the chaos of Chinese fiscal policy entirely.

Price Stability & Transparency

UK-based manufacturing is not affected by Chinese VAT changes. When you work with us, your cost of goods remains predictable. You aren't at the mercy of a foreign government’s tax notices or fluctuating exchange rates.

The "Vape Miles" Advantage

Beyond the environmental benefits of reducing your carbon footprint, local manufacturing means:

  • Faster Turnaround: Why wait 6–8 weeks for a container from Shenzhen when you can have fresh stock delivered in days?
  • Lower Logistics Costs: No more rising ocean freight costs or port congestion fees.

Unmatched Quality Standards

British manufacturing follows the world’s strictest TPD and MHRA guidelines. At Xyfil, we use pharmaceutical-grade ingredients and maintain 100% batch traceability. When you buy British, you aren't just buying local; you're buying a level of purity and safety that unregulated imports often struggle to match.

Future-Proofing for the UK Vape Duty

The Chinese tax hike is just the first hurdle. On October 1st, 2026, the UK Vaping Products Duty kicks in at £2.20 per 10ml.

Importing products under this new regime will be a logistical nightmare. Every bottle must carry a Vaping Duty Stamp, and importers will face intense administrative burdens to prove their tax compliance.

Xyfil makes this easy. As a UK-based manufacturer, we are already integrating the HMRC Duty Stamps Scheme into our production lines. We handle the compliance, the stamping, and the paperwork, so your brand hits the shelves fully legal and ready to sell.

How Xyfil Can Help You Pivot

At Xyfil, we specialise in helping brands "bring it home." Whether you’re looking to move an existing flavour profile or launch a new compliant range, our facility is built for your growth.

  • ISO 7 Cleanrooms & GMP Standards: Our ISO-certified facility ensures every drop is produced in a sterile, high-tech environment.
  • Massive Capacity: We manufacture up to 2.5 million bottles per month, giving you the scale you need to replace your imported stock.
  • Award-Winning R&D: Our lab team can help you replicate your best-selling imported flavours with higher-quality, UK-sourced ingredients.

Conclusion: Don't Wait for the Price Hikes

The market is shifting. The brands that survive 2026 will be those that prioritise stability and local compliance over the lure of "cheap" imports. By partnering with Xyfil, you secure your margins, satisfy the regulators, and give your customers a superior, British-made product.

Ready to protect your brand from the 2026 tax storm? Contact the Xyfil team today to learn more about our white-label manufacturing and how we can help you transition your production to the UK.

1 2 3 … 18